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Family members about reading to to do to understand generalize from WHAT IT IS HOW YOU CAN HELP Five Important Areas of Reading Instruction PHONEMIC AWARENESS PHONICS FLUENCY Hearing Sounds -- the ability to focus on and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words. Acquiring phonemic awareness is important because it is the foundation for spelling and word recognition skills. Decoding Words -- the ability to apply your knowledge of letter-sound relationships, including knowledge of letter patterns, to correctly pronounce written words. Understanding these relationships gives children the ability to recognize familiar words quickly and to figure out words they haven't seen before. Reading accurately -- the ability to chunk and use pauses appropriately. Reading with fluency to better comprehend Reading fluently is not reading — it's not just reading the way we we can better understand reading. • Help child hear the sounds by asking her to think of a number of words that start with a specific sound, such as the "ssss…" sound. • Make up silly sentences in which all the words start with the same sound. "Mom made me many meatballs." • Ask your child to clap or stand up whenever he hears a word that starts with a specific sound "bbb…", or "rrrr", or a word that rhymes with a particular word, such as "cat". • Reading and saying nursery rhymes together is a great way to increase phonemic awareness. • Help your young child learn the letters and sounds of the alphabet. Occasionally point to letters and letter combinations and ask your child to name them. A set of magnetic letters on the refrigerator can provide fun and learning during meal preparation. • Encourage your child to write and spell notes, e-mails, and letters. • Talk with your child about the "irregular" words; such as, said, are, and was, that he needs to recognize "by sight." • When your child mispronounces a word, remind him of the rules for that word. i.e., made — the e at the end is silent and makes the "a" a long vowel sound. • Read aloud often more often she hears familiar the words easier it will be for • Ask your child to will get practice hear how she is she may have trouble. time to listen to read to a brother stuffed animal. Practice us to improve. • Ask your child to recorder a number times she reads, and she'll be able • When reading to "slowly" or "quickly" how silly it sounds. recognize how it